Kev xaiv cov khoom siv yas pwm

1. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov pwm yas
Vim txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov yas thiab yas molding kev lag luam, cov kev cai zoo rau cov yas pwm yog nce siab. Yog li ntawd, qhov teeb meem ntawm cov yas pwm tsis ua hauj lwm thiab nws cov yam ntxwv cuam tshuam tau dhau los ua ib qho kev tshawb fawb tseem ceeb. Lub ntsiab ua haujlwm ntawm cov pwm yas yog tsim cov khoom, xws li cov pwm convex thiab concave pwm, uas tsim cov kab noj hniav ntawm cov pwm yas los ua ntau qhov chaw ntawm cov yas thiab ncaj qha tuaj rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov yas, ruaj siab, kub, kev sib txhuam, thiab corrosion.
2. Kev tshuaj xyuas qhov ua tsis tiav ntawm cov khoom siv yas pwm
Cov txheej txheem dav dav ntawm kev tsim pwm suav nrog pwm tsim, xaiv cov khoom siv, kev kho cua sov, kev siv tshuab, kev debugging, thiab kev teeb tsa. Raws li kev tshawb nrhiav, cov ntaub ntawv siv thiab kev kho cua sov yog qhov tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm pwm ntawm cov yam ntxwv uas ua rau pwm tsis ua haujlwm. Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm kev tswj hwm kev ua tau zoo, cov yam ntxwv uas cuam tshuam rau lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm pwm tsis tuaj yeem ntsuas raws li cov lej ntawm polynomials, tab sis yuav tsum yog cov khoom ntawm ntau yam. Yog li ntawd, qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom pwm thiab kev kho cua sov yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb hauv tag nrho cov txheej txheem pwm tsim.
Kev tshuaj xyuas qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov pwm tsis ua haujlwm, cov pwm yas tuaj yeem ntsib kev hnav tsis ua haujlwm, qhov chaw deformation tsis ua haujlwm, thiab tawg tsis ua haujlwm thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Cov ntaub ntawv tsis ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov pwm yas tuaj yeem muab faib ua kev hnav tsis ua haujlwm, cov yas deformation hauv zos tsis ua haujlwm, thiab tawg tsis ua haujlwm.
3. Kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov yas pwm steel Nrog txoj kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev tsim khoom lag luam, cov pwm yas yog cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb hauv cov yas molding thiab kev ua haujlwm, suav nrog kev nce qib ntawm tag nrho cov pwm tsim txhua xyoo. Nrog rau kev txhim kho thiab txuas ntxiv ntawm cov yas ua tau zoo, cov khoom siv yas tau nce zuj zus, lawv cov kev siv tau nthuav dav, thiab cov khoom lag luam tab tom txhim kho mus rau qhov tseeb, qhov loj, thiab qhov nyuaj. Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm high-speed molding ntau lawm, kev ua hauj lwm tej yam kev mob ntawm cov pwm yog ua complex.
1) Hnav thiab corrosion ntawm qhov chaw ntawm pwm kab noj hniav
Yas yaj ntws nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yam siab nyob rau hauv lub pwm kab noj hniav, thiab solidified yas qhov chaw detach los ntawm pwm, ua rau kev sib txhuam thiab hnav nyob rau hauv tsim nto ntawm pwm. Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm cov pwm yas pwm hnav thiab tsis ua haujlwm yog kev sib txhuam ntawm cov pwm thiab cov khoom siv. Txawm li cas los xij, daim ntawv tshwj xeeb thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev hnav yog cuam tshuam nrog ntau yam, xws li lub siab, qhov kub thiab txias, cov khoom deformation ceev, thiab lubrication mob ntawm pwm thaum ua haujlwm. Thaum cov khoom siv thiab kev kho cua sov siv hauv cov pwm yas tsis tsim nyog, qhov tawv tawv ntawm cov yas pwm kab noj hniav yog qhov tsawg thiab kev hnav tsis zoo, uas tau tshwm sim raws li: qhov loj ntawm cov kab noj hniav saum npoo tsis kam ua vim hnav thiab deformation. ; Tus nqi roughness nce vim roughening, thiab qhov zoo ntawm qhov deteriorates. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum siv cov khoom siv nkag mus rau hauv cov pwm kab noj hniav, nws yuav ua rau hnyav dua qhov hnav ntawm kab noj hniav. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum lub sij hawm ua cov yas, cov khoom xws li tshuaj chlorine thiab fluorine yog rhuab kom decompose rau hauv corrosive gases HC1 thiab HF, ua rau corrosion thiab hnav nyob rau saum npoo ntawm yas pwm kab noj hniav, ua rau tsis ua hauj lwm. Yog tias muaj kev puas tsuaj rau tib lub sijhawm thaum hnav, uas ua rau cov plating lossis lwm cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv ntawm cov pwm kab noj hniav, nws yuav txhawb cov txheej txheem corrosion. Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm ob hom kev puas tsuaj accelerates corrosion thiab hnav tsis ua haujlwm.
2) Yas deformation tsis ua haujlwm
Lub siab thiab cua sov ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov yas qauv kab noj hniav tuaj yeem ua rau cov yas deformation tsis ua haujlwm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum cov pwm me me ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv loj tonnage, uas yuav ua rau overload yas deformation. Cov ntaub ntawv siv hauv cov pwm yas tsis muaj zog thiab toughness, ua rau tsis muaj deformation tsis kam; Lwm qhov laj thawj rau cov yas deformation tsis ua haujlwm yog vim qhov nyias nyias txheej ntawm cov pwm kab noj hniav, tsis txaus deformation tsis kam, los yog theem transformation softening tshwm sim thaum kub ua hauj lwm siab tshaj tempering kub, ua rau cov pwm tsis ua hauj lwm thaum ntxov.
3) Kev tawg
Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm kev tawg yog qhov kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov txheej txheem thiab thermal kev nyuaj siab tshwm sim los ntawm cov qauv thiab qhov kub thiab txias, los yog cov txheej txheem kev ntxhov siab tsim nyob rau hauv pwm vim tsis txaus tempering, uas hloov cov residual austenite rau Martensite ntawm qhov kev pab cuam kub, ua rau lub zos ntim expansion.
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov pwm yas yog txawv ntawm cov pwm txias stamping. Feem ntau, lawv yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm ntawm 150 degree -200 degree , thiab ntxiv rau qhov raug rau qee qhov siab, lawv kuj yuav tsum tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias. Tib pwm tuaj yeem muaj ntau hom kev tsis ua haujlwm, thiab txawm nyob rau tib lub pwm, ntau yam kev puas tsuaj tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov pwm yas, nws tuaj yeem pom tias qhov tsim nyog xaiv cov ntaub ntawv yas pwm thiab kev kho cua sov yog qhov tseem ceeb heev, vim lawv cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm pwm. Yog li, cov hlau siv rau cov pwm yas yuav tsum ua tau raws li cov hauv qab no:
1) Thaum tshav kub kub ua haujlwm
Nrog rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm high-speed forming machinery, kev khiav hauj lwm ceev ntawm cov khoom yas tau nrawm. Vim lub molding kub xws li ntawm 200 mus rau 350 degree, yog hais tias cov yas fluidity yog tsis zoo thiab cov molding ceev ceev, nws yuav ua rau saum npoo ntawm pwm mus rau ntau tshaj 400 degree nyob rau hauv ib tug luv luv lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm. Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau qhov tseeb thiab tsawg kawg deformation ntawm cov pwm thaum siv, cov pwm hlau yuav tsum muaj kev kub ntxhov.
2) Tsim nyog hnav tsis kam
Nrog rau kev nthuav dav ntawm kev siv cov khoom yas, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ntxiv cov ntaub ntawv inorganic xws li iav fibers los txhim kho plasticity. Vim yog qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov khoom siv ntxiv, qhov fluidity ntawm cov yas yog txo qis heev, ua rau pwm hnav. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav tsum muaj kev hnav zoo.
3) Kev ua haujlwm zoo heev
Ntxiv rau qhov hluav taws xob tso tawm machining, feem ntau cov yas molding tuag kuj xav tau qee qhov kev txiav thiab kho kom haum. Txhawm rau txuas ntxiv lub neej kev pabcuam ntawm cov cuab yeej txiav, kev ua haujlwm hardening yog txo qis thaum lub sijhawm txiav. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj pwm deformation thiab cuam tshuam rau qhov raug, nws cia siab tias qhov kev ntxhov siab seem thaum ua haujlwm tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus.
4) Zoo thermal stability
Cov duab ntawm cov yas txhaj tshuaj pwm feem ntau yog qhov nyuaj thiab nyuaj rau txheej txheem tom qab quenching, yog li cov khoom siv nrog thermal stability yuav tsum tau xaiv ntau li ntau tau.
5) Daim iav kev ua tau zoo
Qhov saum npoo ntawm cov kab noj hniav yog du, thiab cov txheej txheem yuav tsum polishing rau daim iav saum npoo, nrog rau qhov chaw roughness qis dua Ra0.4 μ m. Los xyuas kom meej cov tsos ntawm cov yas nias qhov chaw thiab pab kom demolding.
6) Kev kho cua sov ua haujlwm
Hauv pwm tsis ua haujlwm, cov xwm txheej tshwm sim los ntawm kev kho cua sov feem ntau yog 52.3 feem pua, ua rau kev kho cua sov ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv tag nrho cov txheej txheem pwm tsim. Qhov zoo ntawm kev kho cua sov thev naus laus zis muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj rau qhov zoo ntawm cov pwm. Feem ntau, kev kho cua sov yuav tsum tau me me deformation, dav quenching kub ntau, tsis tshua muaj rhiab heev rau overheating, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hardenability thiab hardenability.
7) Corrosion kuj
Thaum lub sij hawm tsim cov txheej txheem, corrosive gas yuav raug tso tawm thiab decomposed rau hauv corrosive gases, xws li HC1, HF, thiab lwm yam., uas corrode pwm. Qee lub sij hawm, cov pwm yog corroded thiab puas ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj cua, yog li nws yuav tsum tau ua kom cov pwm hlau muaj corrosion kuj zoo.
4. Hom tshiab yas pwm hlau
Feem ntau, cov pwm yas yog ua los ntawm ib txwm 45 steel lossis 40Cr steel los ntawm quenching thiab tempering. Cov pwm yas uas yuav tsum muaj siab hardness yog ua los ntawm cov hlau xws li CrWMn lossis Crl2MoV. Rau cov pwm yas uas muaj qhov kub thiab txias ua haujlwm, kub ua haujlwm pwm steel nrog siab toughness tuaj yeem xaiv. Txhawm rau ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntau dua rau qhov raug qhov tseeb thiab qhov zoo ntawm cov kab noj hniav yas, cov txheej txheem pwm tshiab tau tsim tawm tsis ntev los no.
1) Carburized yas pwm steel
Carburized yas pwm steel yog tsuas yog siv rau cov pwm yas nrog cov kab noj hniav nyuaj uas tsim los ntawm txias extrusion. Hom hlau no muaj cov ntsiab lus carbon tsawg thiab feem ntau ntxiv nrog lub caij Cr. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tus nqi tsim nyog ntawm Ni, Mo, thiab v tau ntxiv los txhim kho lub peev xwm hardenability thiab carburizing. Txhawm rau ua kom yooj yim extrusion txias, hom hlau no yuav tsum muaj cov yas siab thiab tsis tshua muaj deformation tsis kam nyob rau hauv lub xeev annealed, nrog rau annealing hardness tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 1 00HBS. Tom qab txias extrusion forming, carburization thiab quenching tempering kev kho mob yog nqa tawm, thiab cov deg hardness yuav ncav cuag 58-62HRC. Muaj cov qib tshwj xeeb steel rau hom hlau no txawv teb chaws, xws li Sweden's 8416 thiab Tebchaws Meskas' P2 thiab P4. 12CrNi3A thiab 12Cr2Ni4A steel, nrog rau 20Cr2Ni4A steel, feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv Suav teb, nrog zoo hnav tsis kam, tsis muaj kev sib tsoo los yog nto tev, thiab txhim kho pwm lub neej. Cov ntsiab lus cr, Ni, Mo, thiab V hauv cov hlau ua kom lub zog thiab hnav tsis kam ntawm cov txheej txheem carburized, nrog rau lub zog thiab tawv ntawm cov tub ntxhais.
2) Pre hardened yas pwm steel
Cov hlau no muaj cov ntsiab lus carbon ntawm 0.3 feem pua ​​-0.55 feem pua ​​, thiab feem ntau siv cov ntsiab lus alloy xws li Cr, Ni, Mn, v, thiab lwm yam. Txhawm rau txhim kho nws cov peev xwm txiav, cov ntsiab lus xws li s thiab ca tau ntxiv. Ntau yam yas pwm steels Y55CrNiMn MoVS (SMI) tau tsim los ntawm kev tshawb fawb, kev taw qhia, thiab kev loj hlob. Nws yog Suav tsim S-series dawb txiav yas pwm steel nrog lub zog xa khoom ua ntej hardness ntawm 35_ 40 HRC, nrog kev ua haujlwm zoo, tuaj yeem siv ncaj qha yam tsis muaj kev kho cua sov tom qab ua tiav. Ntxiv Ni Solid tov ntxiv dag zog thiab ua kom muaj zog, ntxiv Mn thiab S los tsim cov theem txiav dawb MnS; Ntxiv Cr, Mo, thiab V los ua kom lub zog ntawm cov hlau, 8Cr2S steel yog txaus rau kev yooj yim txiav precision pwm hlau.
3) Lub sij hawm hardening yas pwm steel
Ib qho qis cobalt, cobalt dawb thiab qis nickel Maraging steel tau tsim. MASI yog ib hom maraging steel. Tom qab kho cov kua dej ntawm 8150C, lub hardness yog 28-32HRC. Cov txheej txheem txheej txheem yog nqa tawm, thiab tom qab ntawd muaj hnub nyoog ntawm 4800C los tsim cov khoom sib txuas xws li Ni3Mo thiab Ni3Ti, uas ua rau muaj qhov nyuaj ntawm 48-52 HRC. Hlau muaj lub zog siab thiab tawv, me me hloov pauv thaum laus, thiab kev kho vuam zoo, tab sis nws kim heev thiab tsis nrov heev hauv Suav teb.
4) Corrosion resistant yas pwm steel
Cov khoom yas ua los ntawm polyvinyl chloride (PVC), ABS, thiab hluav taws-resistant resin decompose thaum lub sij hawm tsim cov txheej txheem los tsim corrosive gases uas yuav corrode pwm. Yog li ntawd, yas pwm hlau yuav tsum muaj zoo corrosion kuj. Corrosion resistant yas pwm steels feem ntau siv txawv teb chaws xws li Martensitic stainless hlau thiab Precipitation hardening stainless hlau. Cov tuam txhab txawv teb chaws xws li STSAX (4Crl3) thiab A SSAB-8407 los ntawm ASSAB hauv Sweden.